Dry mouth: causes and relief

What can cause a dry mouth?

Dry mouth, sometimes called xerostomia, means your mouth feels dry or sticky because it may not have enough saliva. Causes can include not drinking enough, some medicines, breathing through your mouth at night, anxiety and medical conditions. The cause is not always obvious, so note when the dryness happens and any medicines you take.

The NHS dry-mouth advice explains common causes and when to seek medical help.

What may ease dry-mouth symptoms?

Try frequent sips of water, sugar-free gum or sweets to encourage saliva, and ask a pharmacist whether a mouth-moisturising gel or spray suits you. Limit frequent sugary or acidic drinks, and keep brushing twice daily with fluoride toothpaste. A dentist can discuss decay prevention if your mouth stays dry.

Do not change or stop a prescribed medicine on your own. If you suspect it is contributing, ask the prescriber or pharmacist about options.

When should you get advice?

Speak to a GP or dentist if dryness lasts for weeks despite self-care, affects eating or speaking, or comes with mouth pain, swelling, bleeding, white patches, dry eyes or other new symptoms. An examination can look for oral causes and help decide whether medical advice is appropriate. Book a dental check-up for mouth-health concerns.